Categorization of Shock in Pediatric Trauma Patients

System

- Mild Hemorrhage
- Compensated Shock
(<30% Blood Volume Loss)

- Moderate Hemorrhage
- Decompensated Shock
(30-45% Blood Volume Loss)
 

- Severe Hemorrhage
- Cardipulmonary Failure
(>45% Blood Volume Loss)

Cardio-vascular

- Mild Tachycardia
- Weak Peripheral Pulses
- Strong Central Pulses
- Mild Acidosis

- Moderate Tachycardia
- Weak Peripheral Pulses
- Weak Central Pulses
- Hypotension
   (SBP < 70 +
  [2x age in yrs])
- Moderate Acidosis

- Severe Tachycardia
- No Peripheral pulses
- Weak Central Pulses
- Severe Hypotension
  (SBP < 50 )
- Severe Acidosis

Respiratory

- Mild Tachypnea

- Moderate Tachypnea

- Severe Tachypnea

CNS

- Irritable

- Agitated, lethargic

- Obtunded

Skin

- Cool extremities, mottling.
- Cap refill < 3 sec  

- Cool extremities, pallor.
- Cap refill > 3 seconds

- Cold extremities, cyanosis.
- Cap refill > 5 sec

Urinary

- Mild oliguria

- Marked oliguria

- Anuria